This
layer provides reliable transmission of a packet by using the services of the
physical layer which transmits bits over the medium in an unreliable fashion.
This layer is concerned with :
1.
Framing : Breaking input data into frames (typically a few hundred
bytes) and caring about the frame boundaries and the size of each frame.
2.
Acknowledgment : Sent by the receiving end to inform the source
that the frame was received without any error.
3.
Sequence Numbering : To acknowledge which frame was received.
4.
Error Detection : The frames may be damaged, lost or duplicated
leading to errors.The error control is on link to link basis.
5.
Retransmission : The packet is retransmitted if the source fails
to receive acknowledgment.
6.
Flow Control : Necessary for a fast transmitter to keep pace with
a slow receiver.
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